

Furthermore, works can become permanently inaccessible if the DRM scheme changes or if a required service is discontinued.


Critics of DRM contend that no evidence proves that DRM helps prevent copyright infringement, arguing that it serves only to inconvenience legitimate customers, and that DRM can stifle innovation and competition. ĭRM users argue that the technology is necessary to protect intellectual property, just as physical locks prevent personal property from theft, that it can help the copyright holder maintain artistic control, and to support licensing modalities such as rentals. For instance, tractor companies try to prevent farmers from making repairs via DRM. The industry has expanded the usage of DRM to various hardware products, such as Keurig's coffeemakers, Philips' light bulbs, mobile device power chargers, and John Deere's tractors. ĭRM techniques include licensing agreements and encryption. Such laws are part of the United States' Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), and the European Union's Information Society Directive (the French DADVSI is an example of a member state of the European Union implementing the directive). Laws in many countries criminalize the circumvention of DRM, communication about such circumvention, and the creation and distribution of tools used for such circumvention.
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DRM technologies govern the use, modification, and distribution of copyrighted works (such as software and multimedia content), as well as systems that enforce these policies within devices. Various tools or technological protection measures (TPM) such as access control technologies can restrict the use of proprietary hardware and copyrighted works. Technology to control access to copyrighted works and prevent unauthorized copyingĭigital rights management ( DRM) is the management of legal access to digital content.
